{"id":201,"date":"2022-09-18T00:08:57","date_gmt":"2022-09-18T00:08:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bidayahmutafaqqih.aldykustyandi.com\/?p=201"},"modified":"2022-09-18T00:12:42","modified_gmt":"2022-09-18T00:12:42","slug":"definisi-irab-nahwu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bidayahmutafaqqih.aldykustyandi.com\/?p=201","title":{"rendered":"Definisi I’rab (Nahwu)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Pengertian I\u2019rab<\/u><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Musthafa al-Ghalayain dan Ahmad al-Hasyimi. Mereka menyatakan bahwa i\u2019rab adalah perubahan akhir kata karena perbedaan amil-amil yang masuk pada kata yang dimaksud. Dari pengertian tersebut, kita dapat memahami bahwa segala sesuatu yang berubah karena suatu amil maka disebut mu\u2019ra.[1]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

sesuai dengan apa yang di jelaskan oleh shahibul kitab Matan al-Jurumiyah dan \u2018Imrithy, bahwa I\u2019rab adalah;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0641\u0638\u0627 \u0627\u0648 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0627<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI\u2019rab ialah perubahan akhir kalimat karena perbedaan amil yang memasukinya, baik secara lafazh ataupun secara perkiraan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Maksudnya; I\u2019rab itu mengubah syakal (harakat) tiap-tiap akhir kalimat disesuaikan dengan fungsi amil yang memasukinya, baik perubahan itu tampak jelas lafazhnya atau hanya secara diperkirakan saja keberadaannya.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Contoh perubahan secara lafadz;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u062c\u064e\u0627\u0621\u064e \u0632\u064e\u064a\u0652\u062f\u064c<\/strong>             = Zaid telah datang<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0631\u064e\u0627\u064e\u064a\u0652\u062a\u064f \u0632\u064e\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627<\/strong> = Aku telah melihat Zaid<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0645\u064e\u0631\u064e\u0631\u0652\u062a\u064f \u0628\u0650\u0632\u064e\u064a\u0652\u062f\u064d<\/strong>          = Aku telaah bertemu dengan Zaid<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u064a\u064e\u0636\u0652\u0631\u0650\u0628\u064f<\/strong>                = Dia memukul<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0644\u064e\u0646\u0652 \u064a\u064e\u0636\u0652\u0631\u0650\u0628\u064e<\/strong>            = Dia tidak akan dapat memukul<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0644\u064e\u0645\u0652 \u064a\u064e\u0636\u0652\u0631\u0650\u0628\u0652<\/strong>            = Dia tidak memukul<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Contoh perubahan secara diperkirakan keberadaan;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u064a\u064e\u062e\u0652\u0634\u064e\u0649<\/strong>                = Dia merasa takut.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0644\u064e\u0646\u0652 \u064a\u064e\u062e\u0652\u0634\u064e<\/strong>             = Dia tidak akan merasa takut.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0644\u064e\u0645\u0652 \u064a\u064e\u062e\u0652\u0634\u064e\u0649<\/strong>             = Dia tidak merasa takut.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u062c\u064e\u0627\u0621\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0641\u064e\u062a\u064e\u0649<\/strong>            = Telah datang seorang pemuda.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0631\u064e\u0627\u064e\u064a\u0652\u062a\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0641\u064e\u062a\u064e\u0649<\/strong>           = Aku telah melihat seorang pemuda.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0645\u064e\u0631\u064e\u0631\u0652\u062a\u064f \u0628\u0650\u0627\u0644\u0652\u0641\u064e\u062a\u064e\u0649<\/strong>        = Aku telah bertemu dengan seorang pemuda.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645 * \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0648 \u0644\u0641\u0638\u0627 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0645           <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI\u2019rab ialah perubahan akhir kalimat, baik secara perkiraan maupun secara lafadz, karena ada amil masuk yang dapat diketahui keberadaannya.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

Pembagian I\u2019rab<\/u><\/strong>\u0623<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0623\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0648\u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0648\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0648\u062c\u0632\u0645<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI\u2019rab itu terbagi menjadi empat macam, yaitu i\u2019rab rafa\u2019, i\u2019rab nasab, i\u2019rab nasab, i\u2019rab khaffadz (jer), i\u2019rab jazem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Di antara contoh dari i\u2019rab-i\u2019rab tersebut ialah, sebagai berikut;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

  1. I’rab Rafa’ seperti;\u00a0\u00a0\u0632\u064e\u064a\u0652\u062f\u064c \u0642\u064e\u0627\u0626\u0650\u0645\u064c<\/strong><\/li>
  2. I’rab Nashab, seperti;\u00a0 \u0631\u064e\u0627\u064e\u064a\u0652\u062a\u064f \u0632\u064e\u064a\u0652\u062f\u064b\u0627<\/strong><\/li>
  3. I’rab Khafad atau Jar, seperti;\u00a0 \u0645\u064e\u0631\u064e\u0631\u0652\u062a\u064f \u0628\u0650\u0632\u064e\u064a\u0652\u062f\u064d<\/strong><\/li>
  4. I’rab Jazm, seperti;\u00a0\u0644\u064e\u0645\u0652 \u064a\u064e\u0636\u0652\u0631\u0650\u0628\u0652<\/strong>\u00a0<\/a><\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n
    \n\n\n\n

    [1]<\/a> Musthafa al-Ghalayain, Jami\u2019ud Durus al-Arabiyah Jilid I<\/em>, (Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-\u2018Ilmiyah, 2005), hal. 14.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Pengertian I\u2019rab Musthafa al-Ghalayain dan Ahmad al-Hasyimi. Mereka menyatakan bahwa i\u2019rab adalah perubahan akhir kata…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":202,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":true,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bidayahmutafaqqih.aldykustyandi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/201"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bidayahmutafaqqih.aldykustyandi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bidayahmutafaqqih.aldykustyandi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bidayahmutafaqqih.aldykustyandi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bidayahmutafaqqih.aldykustyandi.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=201"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/bidayahmutafaqqih.aldykustyandi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/201\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":205,"href":"https:\/\/bidayahmutafaqqih.aldykustyandi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/201\/revisions\/205"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bidayahmutafaqqih.aldykustyandi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/202"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bidayahmutafaqqih.aldykustyandi.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=201"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bidayahmutafaqqih.aldykustyandi.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=201"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bidayahmutafaqqih.aldykustyandi.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=201"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}